Opis

• Tytuł:
  Die Beziehungen des Deutschen Ordens zu den Grafen von Kyburg und zur Stadt Bern in der ersten Hälfte des 13. Jahrhunderts
• Twórca:
  Gotówko, Piotr
• Opis:
  The Relations between Teutonic Orden, the House of Kyburg and the city of Bern in the first part of the 13. century As the Teutonic Order begann acquitting lands in the south-western part of the Reich and the neighbouring Burgundy between 1200-1212, he depended on the goodwill of the mighty House of Kyburg. Beacause the Teutonic Brethren were the favorites of their rivals, the Hohenstaufen, it was diffucult for them, to gain also their grace. The same applied for the city of Bern, standing under the patronage of the House of Zähringen, other local rivals of the Hohenstaufen. After their line vanished in 1218, the Emperor Frederick II. launched a long struggle with the Kyburgs for the legacy, which took a sharp form especially in Beromünster. This might have influenced the way the member of the Kyburg-Family were looking at the Teutonic Order. When the inheritance of the Zähringen was definitively divided in 1226, the Emperor expriopriated in the same year in Köniz the Augustine monchs and gave their possessions to the Teutonic Order. Because the church in Bern also belonged to them, the priests of the Order had become the highest clerics in the city. The Emperor wanted thus to keep the Berner patricians in leaning strikes. The simple habitants of Bern had refused to participate at messes celebrated by Teutonic priest for long. The Kyburgs started prefering the Knights of St. John. It was in their church, where the head of the family, Werner I. von Kyburg, was burried after dying from a disease in the Holy Land. The Teutonic Order should never obtain any possessions in territories controlled by the House of the Kyburg.   Po Polsku: Gdy Zakon Krzyżacki zaczął między 1200-1212 nabywanie posiadłości w  południowo-zachodnich zakątkach Rzeszy i graniczącej z nią Burgundii, uzależniony był m.in. od przychylności Kyburgów, jednego z najpotężniejszych rodów w tym regione. Ponieważ Krzyżacy byli pupilem rywalizujących z Kyburgami Sztaufów, trudno im było równocześnie zdobyć względy grafów z Kyburgu. To samo dotyczyło miasta Berna, stojącego pod egidą skonfliktowanych ze Sztaufami Zeringerów. Po wygaśnięciu tej linii w 1218 r. Fryderyk II. rozpoczął walkę z Kyburgami o jak największą część po ich spuściźnie, która szczególnie w Beromünster przybrała ostrą formę. Wpłynęło to negatywnie na postrzeganie Zakonu przez kyburskich grafów. Gdy spadek został do 1226 r. definitywnie rozdzielony, cesarz wywłaszczył w tym samym roku w Köniz Augustynów na korzyść Krzyżaków. Ponieważ kościół w pobliskim Bernie również należał do nich, księża Zakonni stali się najważniejszymi duchownymi w mieście. Cesarz chciał tym sposobem utrzymać patrycjat berneński w ryzach. Prości mieszczanie długo odmawiali uczestnictwa w mszach celebrowanych przez braci krzyżackich. Kyburgowie natomiast ostatecznie zrazili się do Zakonu i woleli wspierać joannitów. To w ich kościele pochowany został zmarły w Ziemi Świętej Werner I. von Kyburg, ówczesna głowa rodu. Zakon Krzyżacki miał już nigdy nie uzyskać posiadłości na terenach kontrolowanych przez Kyburgów.;
  The relations of the Teutonic Order to the Counts of Kyburg and the city of Bern in the first half of the 13th century As the Teutonic Order began acquitting lands in the south-western part of the Reich and the neighboring Burgundy between 1200‒1212, he depended on the goodwill of the mighty House of Kyburg. Because the Teutonic Brethren were the favorites of their rivals, the Hohenstaufen, it was difficult for them, to gain also their grace. The same applied for the city of Bern, standing under the patronage of the House of Zähringen, other local rivals of the Hohenstaufen. After their line vanished in 1218, the Emperor Frederick II. launched a long struggle with the Kyburgs for the legacy, which took a sharp form especially in Beromünster. This might have influenced the way the members of the Kyburg-Family were looking at the Teutonic Order. When the inheritance of the Zähringen was definitively divided in 1226, the Emperor expropriated in the same year in Köniz the Augustine monks and gave their possessions to the Teutonic Order. Because the church in Bern also belonged to them, the priests of the Order had become the highest clerics in the city. The Emperor wanted thus to keep the Berner patricians in leaning strikes. The simple habitants of Bern had refused to participate at messes celebrated by Teutonic priest for long. The Kyburgs started preferring the Knights of St. John. It was in their church, where the head of the family, Werner I. von Kyburg, was buried after dying from a disease in the Holy Land. The Teutonic Order should never obtain any possessions in territories controlled by the House of the Kyburg.
• Dostępność obiektu:
  Dostęp otwarty
• Prawa:
  Prawa autorskie (c) 2022 Piotr Gotówko;
  https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
• Data:
  2023.01.17
• Typ:
  info:eu-repo/semantics/article;
  info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion;
  wissenschaftlicher Artikel;
  Scientific article;
  Artykuł naukowy
• Język:
  niemiecki
• Źródło:
  Ordines Militares Colloquia Torunensia Historica. Yearbook for the Study of the Military Orders; Tom 27 (2022); 213-251;
  Ordines Militares. Colloquia Torunensia Historica; Vol. 27 (2022); 213-251;
  Ordines Militares Colloquia Torunensia Historica. Yearbook for the Study of the Military Orders; Vol. 27 (2022); 213-251;
  Ordines Militares. Colloquia Torunensia Historica; Bd. 27 (2022); 213-251;
  Ordines Militares. Colloquia Torunensia Historica; V. 27 (2022); 213-251;
  2391-7512;
  0867-2008
• Format:
  application/pdf
• Wydawca:
  Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu
• Relacja: https://apcz.umk.pl/OM/article/view/34596/34410
• Temat i słowa kluczowe:
  the Middle Ages;
  military orders;
  Teutonic Order;
  the bailiwick Alsace-Burgundy;
  the Kyburg-Family;
  the Hohenstaufen;
  the city of Bern;
  history;
  the baliwick Alsace-Burgundy;
  struggle for power
• Identyfikator: https://apcz.umk.pl/OM/article/view/34596
• Dostawca danych:
  Akademicka Platforma Czasopism
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