Opis

• Tytuł:
  Politicians’ Role in Foreign Policy Making in Japan before the Central Government Reform
• Twórca:
  Żakowski, Karol
• Współtwórca:
  Żakowski, Karol;
  University of Łódź, Faculty of International and Political Studies Department of East Asia, 90-131 Łódź, 59a Narutowicza St.
• Opis:
  The monograph provides knowledge on the complex nature of both external and internal determinants influencing foreign policies of East Asian countries. Through a range of case studies on Japan, China, Taiwan and North Korea, the authors analyze international relations in East Asia as a mosaic of intertwining processes of globalization and regionalization, interests of global and regional powers, local social and economic conditions, national institutional arrangements, and even personal factors. They argue that sometimes a sudden change of one small element in this mosaic suffices to influence the whole system. Instead of providing a simplified interpretation of the analyzed processes, the monograph tries to illustrate them in their entire complexity.;
  The decision–making process in Japan has been characterized by extensive powers possessed by the bureaucrats who often overshadowed their political superiors. Foreign policy making was not an exception. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) boasted strong control over Japan’s diplomacy. While the role of civil servants was theoretically limited to the implementation of the decisions made by politicians, in reality the administrative staff used a range of informal sources of power to act as arbiters of state matters. Only after the entry into force of Hashimoto’s administrative reform in 2001 did top–level decision makers gain new institutional tools that helped them to conduct an independent foreign policy on a more regular basis. Without denying this conventional wisdom, I argue that the politicians could occasionally play a significant role in Japan’s diplomacy even before implementation of institutional changes at the beginning of the 21st century. Under special circumstances, prime ministers, chief cabinet secretaries and foreign ministers were able to exert a considerable influence on the course of foreign policy, sometimes even changing its direction. Up to the 1990s the most influential figures in the government had enough authority to overcome the domination of the bureaucrats and impose their own will on MOFA.;
  This article is a result of research conducted as a part of a project financed by the Polish National Science Centre based on decision No. DEC– 2013/11/B/HS5/04005.
• Dostępność obiektu:
  Dostęp otwarty
• Prawa:
  Uznanie autorstwa-Użycie niekomercyjne-Bez utworów zależnych 3.0 Polska;
  http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/pl ;
  © Copyright by Karol Żakowski, Łódź 2017, © Copyright for this edition by Uniwersytet Łódzki, Łódź 2017
• Data:
  2017.01.30;
  2017
• Typ:
  Book chapter
• Język:
  angielski
• Format:
  application/pdf
• Wydawca:
  Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
• Relacja:
  Changing Determinants of Foreign Policy in East Asian Countries;;
  Contemporary Asian Studies Series;
• Temat i słowa kluczowe:
  Japan;
  foreign policy;
  decision–making process;
  prime minister’s leadership
• Identyfikator:
  K. Żakowski, Politicians’ Role in Foreign Policy Making in Japan before the Central Government Reform, [w:] K. Żakowski (ed.), Changing Determinants of Foreign Policy in East Asian Countries, Contemporary Asian Studies Series, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź 2017, s. 73-87.;
  http://hdl.handle.net/11089/20401 ;
  978-83-8088-376-5;
  10.18778/8088-376-5.05
• Dostawca danych:
  Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
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