Opis

• Tytuł:
  Evaluating the Extent and Nature of ‘Envelope Wages’ in the European Union: A Geographical Analysis
• Twórca:
  Williams, Colin
• Współtwórca:
  School of Management, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 9DT, United Kingdom
• Opis:
  To evaluate the spatialities of the illegal wage practice where employers pay their declared employees both an official declared wage and an undeclared ‘envelope’ wage so as to avoid tax liabilities, a 2007 survey conducted in 27 European Union (EU) member states is reported. The finding is that 5% of employees received envelope wages which amount on average to some two-fifths of their wage packet. Revealing how, although heavily concentrated in a small group of East-Central European nations, this wage practice is nonetheless ubiquitous, the paper concludes by discussing how this practice might be tackled.
• Dostępność obiektu:
  Dostęp otwarty
• Prawa:
  This content is open access.
• Data:
  2015.07.10;
  2009.09.29
• Format:
  application/pdf
• Wydawca:
  Lodz Univeristy Press
• Relacja:
  European Spatial Research and Policy;16
• Temat i słowa kluczowe:
  illegal work;
  informal economy;
  envelope wages;
  tax evasion;
  European Union
• Identyfikator:
  1231-1952;
  http://hdl.handle.net/11089/10794 ;
  1896-1525;
  10.2478/v10105-009-0007-3
• Dostawca danych:
  Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
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