Description

• Title:
  Trends in Fatalities in Motorcycle Accidents in Great Britain With Reference to the Studies by Hugh Cairns
• Creator:
  Evans, Vaughan Matthew
• Description:
  Introduction: Hugh Cairns, a neurosurgeon practising in Oxford, noted in a 1941 report the high number of deaths in motorcycle accidents, and advocated the use of helmets.     Objective: to review road traffic accident fatality data to assess how the risk of death in a motorcycle accident has changed, or not changed, since the publication of Cairns’ findings.Material and Methods: analyses of road traffic accident data for Great Britain (1950–2017).Results and Discussion: in modern times, the risk of fatality for a motorcycle rider is around fifty times greater than that for a car driver, per mile travelled. Although the wearing of a helmet became mandatory in Great Britain in 1973, motorcyclist fatalities increased in the following years, against a background of falling all-road-user fatalities. Fatalities, however, declined markedly after restrictions were placed on novice riders in the early 1980s.Conclusions: a motorcyclist remains essentially as vulnerable as one was in the 1940s, aside from the reduced risk of head injury, and death from head injury, afforded by use of a helmet. On most modern motorcycles, in contrast to modern motor cars, there is no restraint system, nor impact energy-absorbing vehicular structure. The implementation of restrictions on novice rider led to a greater fatality rate reduction than had the enactment of the requirement to wear a helmet a decade earlier.
• Object availability:
  free access
• Rights:
  Prawa autorskie (c) 2020 © The Author(s)
• Date:
  2020.03.16
• Type:
  info:eu-repo/semantics/article;
  info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
• Language:
  English
• Source:
  Journal of Education, Health and Sport; Vol. 10 No. 3 (2020); 66-75;
  Journal of Education, Health and Sport; Tom 10 Nr 3 (2020); 66-75;
  2391-8306
• Format:
  application/pdf
• Publisher:
  Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
• Relation: https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.03.006/25091
• Subject:
  motorcycle;
  fatality;
  injury;
  helmet;
  accident
• Identifier: https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.03.006
• Data provider:
  Akademicka Platforma Czasopism
• Can I use it?:
  seek permission
• Type:
  text